I'm assuming you're talking about a glass bottle....? It won't impart any flavor at all, not that I'm aware of, to a beer that's aged in it. Especially if you've cleaned and sanitized it per usual protocol for beer bottling. Now an oak barrel used to age whiskey that still has whiskey imbued into the wood...that's a different story. I believe some companies still sell barrels of varying sizes that have had whiskey stored in them that some homebrewers use to give their beers a whiskey flavor...
Much easier just to use bourbon-flavored wood chips (oak is popular) to give your beers that flavor. Just do a google search for bourbon wood chips for brewing, lots of places sell those. Easy to manage how much flavor your beer is getting as well, with a few guidelines..
Some sites like northernbrewer.com and I'm sure many others sell a kit with everything you need in it to do just that. I've actually tasted NB's called "Bourbon Barrel Porter Kit" that a friend of mine let me try. It was better than I expected. I'd imagine certain (darker) beers would generally pair okay with a bourbon flavor, but (to me) lighter and more citrusy ones wouldn't. Tastes vary, of course.
So, for me, I'd say porters, bocks, stouts and such would be better choices. Take you some of your homebrew (if you have some), order you some bourbon oak chips, and taste test it for us and tell us which ones taste better in your opinion.
Might have to wait awhile for the flavor to get released though. Probably takes days, or weeks, too long to do a good experiment unless you are in the process of making a batch right now..