A very, very good point @Bigbre04 , much like pressurizing containers that are not rated for pressure can cause damage and or harmso MOST gear(homebrew or pro) is not Vacuum rated. Hoses CAN be vacuum rated, mine randomly are, but the majority are not. Tanks are VERY VERY weak to vacuum...think about how you can suck a plastic bottle and crush it with your lungs but there is no world where you could pop it with your lungs.
I would say Pressure transfers are far safer then vacuum. Either way you have to be making up the volume with CO2. but if you can do that why not just use gravity and pressure combo?
Exactly. I wouldnt want to put much pressure on a glass carboy, but i would probably allow 1 or 2psi and a gravity transfer. generally speaking if you are just using a rubber bung or something that does not mechanically screw on that would be your safety valve for over pressuring a carboy imo atleast.A very, very good point @Bigbre04 , much like pressurizing containers that are not rated for pressure can cause damage and or harm
kegs are very tough.A keg can handle pressure. Purge the keg and pull it over it's not a sealed carboy your just sucking the liquid over.
I didn't say anything about a stopper in the carboy just stick the wand in. Sure it's not completely oxygen less transfer but may be a way to move star San in and out of a keg without wasting CO2
Look up rail car implosion. You pump out your product with out opening the vent and that tanker has a bad day. Those are allot sturdier than beer tanksYou can actually pump beer from tank to tank, but the tanks both need to be sealed and need to have an open hose between them to balance the pressure between them while preventing O2 from coming in. Not as common as just pressure transferring but it would def be faster, but there is a def risk factor involved. a pump can pull plenty of vacuum to crush a big tank. i have seen 1000 bbl tanks that had been imploded from temp or pressure differences. thats a bad day.